Department of Justice Essay

There seems to be major issue in the case of United States v. Viktor Kozenzy. The specific legal question is whether Viktor Kozenzy, Frederic Bourke, Jr, and David Pinkerton had conspiracy to violate the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the Travel Act. There are many facts that support this claim. Viktor Kozenzy, Federic Bourke Jr. and David Pinkerton paid and also caused to be paid bribes to Azeri Officials. They all became shareholders of Oily Rock. Oily Rock invested in Azeri privatization vouchers. They also became part of Minaret as well. Mineret was a party to the co-investment agreement between Oily Rock and the co-investors. There seems to be lots of more facts in this case. The defendants made many corrupt payments, promises, and offers to Senior officials of the Government of Azerbaijan. They all seemed to have conspiracy to bribe and there are evidence of wire transfers and direct cash payments. They also promised two-thirds of the profits of Oily-Rock and receive two-thirds of Oily Rock vouchers. There are was also much jewelry exchanged in excess of $600,000 to Azeri officials. The source of my facts came from Justice.gov, it is the official United States Department of Justice’s website. It is very credible and accurate. There seems to be relevant laws and regulations such as Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and Travel Act. The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act made it unlawful to bribe officials. It was passed in 1977. I believe that the court reached the decision by the substantial evidence. There were documented evidence that shows the money laundering, stock options, and wire transfer to foreign officials. I think that the court was correct that the defendant did indeed conspire to violate the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the Travel Act. This situation could be easily avoided if the government officials had personal watching over them or checking the bank accounts. Many of the officials should be watched closely after and monitored. Works Cited The United States Deparment of Justice. Retrieved from http://www.justice.gov/criminal/fraud/fcpa/cases/kozenyv.html

Symbols in Business Communication

Non-verbal communication is divided into four broad categories: Physical – This is the personal type of communication. It includes facial expressions, tone of voice, sense of touch, sense of smell, and body motions. Aesthetic – This is the type of communication that takes place through creative expressions: playing instrumental music, dancing, painting and sculpturing. Signs – This is the mechanical type of communication, which includes the use of signal flags, the 21-gun salute, horns, and sirens. Symbolic – This is the type of communication that makes use of religious, status, or day to day activitites symbols. Symbols are representations of an event, action, object, person, or place that can be used to communicate about the event, action, object, person, or place. Concrete symbols : The more a symbol resembles what it represents, the more concrete that symbol is. An example of a concrete symbol would be a spoon, used during mealtimes, to represent mealtime. Abstract symbols: The less a symbol resembles what it represents, the more abstract that symbol is. A less concrete (or more abstract) symbol would be a small line drawing of a person eating or action of eating. A symbol stands in place of an object. It may be a physical object such as a flag standing for patriotism and national pride. a cross with strong religious meaning for Christians. even the Nike swoosh or the McDonald’s arches. Or it may be a word or phrase, such as the â€Å"Jai Mata Di† printed on head bands. Symbol Representation an object used as part of the activity it represents, an object identical to the one used as part of an activity, an object similar but not identical to the object used as part of an activity, a part of an object, full-sized coloured drawing of the object, a full-sized black and white drawing of the object or a reduced-size coloured drawing of an object, a reduced-size black and white drawing of an object, a printed word. There is a similar hierarchy for movement with an object to sign: movement with an object used as part of the activity it represents, movement with an object identical to one used as part of an activity, movement with an obj ect similar to but not identical to the one used as part of an activity it represents, movement without an object Disadvantages of symbols For example, a symbol based on visual similarities may not be as concrete for a person with a visual impairment as it would be for an individual who is fully sighted. A symbol based on an action may be abstract for an individual with physical impairment such that he/she had never performed that action.

Transition and Loss. How Managers can understand the Issue Essay

Transition and Loss. How Managers can understand the Issue - Essay Example When applied to and industry it refers to when a company has its expenses being more than the revenues obtained and is usually the opposite of profits. Transition could lead to loss and loss is also likely to result to transition. For instance managers who frequently experience loss in their transactions are likely to opt for another positive measure hence the transition process that the industry will undergo. On the other hand they could adopt a transition that brings loss and would force them to revert back to the previous practices (Roland 2004, 90). This forces most organization to re-think their moves as some maybe impact positively, while others will impact negatively and are likely to leave a permanent impact on them. Not only is it evident in marketing organization but also in the social care and health measures that we undertake. For instance, some health care therapies undertaken leave them with poor health that affects the rest of their life span and they have to live with it an indication of loss. As for social care, most western countries take the aged to the old homes where they expect them to be taken care of not putting in mind of the impact it has on them psychologically. This explains why most of them tend to die earlier as they are denied family love. Death appears to be a social loss in this context due to the transition they undertook in favor of their aged members. Technology has impacted mostly on transition and losses experienced in the society (Peng 2000, 76). Most tend to adopt it with the intention of inducing innovations in their work place or even daily activities. However some of the technological advances adopted losses that were initially experienced are likely to be corrected by technology adopted. This indicates that loss is likely to lead to transition and when adopted wrongly the transition would still bring about loss. However not all transitions lead to loss nor do all losses require transition. Critical evaluation of a tra nsition process and the benefits that accompany it are likely not to result to loss. A move to adopt a technological communication system in the work place as opposed to the initial use of messengers is a positive transition as there is quick transfer of information. Challenges for Managers The transition management program helps institutions to be more successful through the adoption of more innovative projects into their programmes that make them to be competitive enough. However the more innovative an institution is the more it stands the risk of losses as it brings with it complexions in management. This may not be different among managers trying to help their groups to deal with transition and loss in the health and social care sector. This is attributed to the fact that the service users expect that the moment there is an innovation then they should see the changes immediately yet in some cases this is likely to be a gradual process. As for managers, they will expect the servi ce user to be able to employ and effectively use the services being offered. This may not be the case since, some individuals are likely to be reluctant to changes being implemented hence taking a long period of time with which comes losses. For instance any changes that may bring about transition in the health sector may not go down well with some individuals who would find it to be a risk to their future health (Roland 2004, 78). The same applies to transition taking place in social care where to some extent it is likely to interfere with their social ties. It is likely that most individuals will not adopt the transition process hence the loss (Peng 2000, 56). This becomes a challenge for managers as they may sometime be forced to adopt other measures that will convince service users to

Total Quality Management & its application in Coca-Cola Turkey. (How Essay

Total Quality Management & its application in Coca-Cola Turkey. (How critical is it in a rapidly developing world for the Coca-Cola Company's Turkey future to maintain Total Quality Management) - Essay Example CCI claims to be implementing TQM. Sufficient volume of literature was available on the subject of TQM, its principles and the tools to implement TQM. After review of the literature interviews were taken. The second chapter concentrates on TQM – history, principles, approach and application. Through the literature review it has been demonstrated that TQM is a process where responsibility has to be shared by all departments. Since the process of achieving TQM involves changes in the culture, there is a correlation between TQM principles and culture. The history of TQM has been discussed at length. It has been found that TQM is based on the human element in any organization and hence the principles would be the same in any country even though the culture and the behavioural patterns would differ. The definition of quality has been discussed and it has been established that TQM involves satisfaction of both the internal and the external customer. Attaining TQM also involves team work because all departments have to be in unison. To achieve TQM a quality system has to be developed and this requires understanding the needs of the customer. A proper system also enables the organizat ion to use its resources efficiently. Empowerment is the most important technique of TQM. To study the extent to which Coca-Cola’s applies the principles of TQM the methodology adopted was to examine its mission, vision, and values, which the company claims reflects in its actions. The third chapter deals with the research that was undertaken based on the assumption that a company of the magnitude of Coca-Cola could not be wrong in their claims. The study was focused on their unit in Turkey. Secondary data was collected through books, academic journal and internet articles and publications. Primary data was collected through interview of seven officials at their Turkey unit – CCI. Since there was nothing to be

Sigmund Freud and Sexuality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sigmund Freud and Sexuality - Essay Example Seduction theory In one of Sigmund Freud lectures he talked about ‘ The Aetiology of Hysteria’, in this theory, Sigmund Freud used information that he had collected from 18 individuals where he concluded that sexual abuses in childhood days caused people to have Hysteria (Freud, Whiteside & Freud 2007 p87). This theory did not last for a long time and he withdrew it and formed another one, which attributed hysteria and other neuroses and illnesses to sexual fantasies. His knowledge about women in those times was very limited however, he contributed a lot as men of those times thought women do not to harbour any sexual desires leave alone acknowledging that sexual fantasies caused hysteria in women. When Freud was writing these theories, the society’s attitude toward women was that classified them as a weaker sex and they were only important as parents and relatives, their main function was procreation (Bloom & Hobby 2009 p56), Some critics of Sigmund Freud theorie s were his fellow psychoanalysts who did not support his theory of penis envy as a primary female reaction rather as a secondary reaction. Freud, refused to agree with them and insisted on penis envy as a primary female reaction, other psychoanalysts like Jacques Lacan, took up Freud’s theory and developed it in what he called the penisneid in the unconscious of women. Juliet Mitchell supported Freud’s idea of penis envy, in which man is not the basis, but on the phallus, this opened the field of phallogocentrism to debate (Tong, 2009 p15). Feminists have also criticized Freud’s view where they have argued that penis envy and the whole idea of psychoanalysis uses...In one of Sigmund Freud lectures he talked about ‘ The Aetiology of Hysteria’, in this theory, Sigmund Freud used information that he had collected from 18 individuals where he concluded that sexual abuses in childhood days caused people to have Hysteria (Freud, Whiteside & Freud 2007 p87 ). This theory did not last for a long time and he withdrew it and formed another one, which attributed hysteria and other neuroses and illnesses to sexual fantasies. His knowledge about women in those times was very limited however, he contributed a lot as men of those times thought women do not to harbour any sexual desires leave alone acknowledging that sexual fantasies caused hysteria in women. When Freud was writing these theories, the society’s attitude toward women was that classified them as a weaker sex and they were only important as parents and relatives, their main function was procreation (Bloom & Hobby 2009 p56), Some critics of Sigmund Freud theories were his fellow psychoanalysts who did not support his theory of penis envy as a primary female reaction rather as a secondary reaction. Freud, refused to agree with them and insisted on penis envy as a primary female reaction, other psychoanalysts like Jacques Lacan, took up Freud’s theory and developed it in what he called the penisneid in the unconscious of women. Juliet Mitchell supported Freud’s idea of penis envy, in which man is not the basis, but on the phallus, this opened the field of phallogocentrism to debate (Tong, 2009 p15). Feminists have also criticized Freud’s view where they have argued that penis envy and the whole idea of psychoanalysis uses assumptions are anti feminist, patriarchal and misogynistic that tend to display women as less and deformed men (Freud, 2007 p32).

Operation Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Operation Management - Essay Example The researcher of this essay is aimed to answer on questions, such as How many trucks are needed to ship the pallets to the manufacturer?, What is likely to happen if the trucks break down?, How can the supplier ensure that the customer does not run out of parts even in the face of delivery problems or other uncertainties?, What will happen if the manufacturer runs into trouble and shuts down for a period of 6 hours? And If unexpected overtime is required, how do you effectively communicate the need to your workforce? Firstly, the researcher presents the business, both manufacturer and the supplier and analyzes their strengths and weaknesses. The researcher states that usually industry procedures are more or less standardized. If the supplier at present are supplying pallets to a manufacturer who uses two pallets an hour, it is logical to think that he is using some standardized process and that there are other manufacturers who might be using the same standard procedure and requirin g the same number of pallets per hour. Also the supplier may think in another way, that is to present manufacturing unit or department or store setup, that is geared up to service a customer who uses two pallets per hour, therefore, to achieve the net profit maximization goals, that the supplier would logically try to obtain similar contracts from similar manufacturers. It is then concluded that if the customer i.e. the manufacturer gets 2 pallets per hour, his requirement is fulfilled and similarly for other manufacturers as well.

Freud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Freud - Essay Example He believed irrespective of whether the behavior is normal or abnormal, it has its influence from the psychological motives, which are often unconscious. This belief of Freud is called as psychic determinism. These theoretical words help in the explanation of what is called as "Freudian slip". The later work of Freud emphasized that the psyche was divided into three parts and they are the Id, Ego and the Superego. The unconscious Id represents itself as the primary process of thinking of a person's most basic necessities satisfaction type of thoughts. The word Id thus represents the most common and essential needs to be addressed by a person. In the case of Superego there rests socially induced conscience that has been counteracted by the Id on the grounds of moral and ethical conduct. Thus, Freud presented that the Superego of the person many a times counteracts the basic necessities that are required to be addressed. Freud addressed the superego as the unconscious and the ego as a largely conscious state of mind. He had advocated that the ego stands in between the id and the superego in order to balance the two i.e. superego and the id. Thus, a balance of the most primitive needs and the moral/ethical beliefs is being achieved by the in-between penetrative presence of e go. Freud believes that a healthy ego shall help provide the ability by virtue of which one can successfully adapt with the outside environment in a manner that holds the identity of both the id and the superego. Freud especially held the focus of his attention to the study and research on the dynamic relationship that exists between the id, ego and superego. He held special attention to the manner in which the three entered into a conflict. We would now like to throw some essential light on the work of Plato and Socrates. Plato was a Greek Philosopher and was a student of Socrates. He was the founder of the Academy in Athens, where Aristotle was a student. Under the guidance of Socrates, Plato wrote philosophical views. He had contributed to the world of knowledge a very precious collection of manuscripts. The Plato's writings present themselves with debates as related to the best possible form of government. Plato had also held the focus of his writings on several other subjects. The central theme of Plato's work has been a conflict that exists between the nature and convention. This is related to the role of heredity and the environment on the intelligence and personality of humans. The more the pleasures of the body fade away, the greater to me is the pleasure and charm of conversation. -Plato, Greek philosopher, The Republic, 4th century BC What progress we are making. In the Middle Ages they would have burned me. Now they are content with burning my books. -Sigmund Freud Thus, the debate as presented rested on the platform of nature versus nurture. We can notice here that Plato and Socrates have placed ethics upon reason. They have marked the essential practice of following the good as ethical and thus essential. However, the ethics have been excluded from the Freud's conception of the superego, ego and Id description. Thus, the point that some people will not confirm to some actions can be due to their realization of them being ethically wrong. This ethical ground on which the performance of an action is not

Murder and Memories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Murder and Memories - Essay Example The death of Ada and his son have been a controversial issue. It is now up to the students, and researchers to come up with a valid conclusion regarding the incident. This incident remains shrouded in mystery. Other authors say it was the pistol that went off accidentally1. Today, theories on what happened behind the thick walls of the mansions are still being developed. This paper examines the key happenings regarding this incident, with a major focus on sections such as Home, Tragedy, Blood Ties, Settings, Dramatis Personae, and Archives, to give a comprehensive conclusion about the Murder. Firstly let’s take a look at the history that presented itself during this time. In the year 1901, the Redpaths were members of the elites who spoke in English. They lived in a Montreal Square mile that was immensely wealthy. This Square was an intimate and also closed community of its own distinctive making. The Redpaths families used common social, educational, health, and religious ins titutions. Their children also fell victim of intermarriages. These families also shopped for products and also obtained, classic professional services, varying from health, legal and dental services to accounting services. It was mandatory for these professionals to have come from similar class and ethnic backgrounds. In the early 1880’s, many jobs were created through funding of the Canadian Railway. In sectors such as education and health, a lot of efforts were put by the likes of Dr. Emily Stowe of Toronto. Stowe was the first licensed woman doctor in the whole of Canada, and this offered more opportunities for Women. Canadians also passed legislation for protecting working women. They put minimum working age to ten years for boys and fourteen years for girls to protect the youth. The legislation also put working hours to a maximum of ten. In the year 1885, Canadians extended the franchise to married women to own lowly valued property. This franchise never applied to nati ve and unmarried people. In 1887, Mc Donald became the Prime Minister. This was his fourth term. During the early 1890s, Canada’s industrial revolution came in full force. The Industry of Canada started booming especially around the corridor of Trans-continental rail. Ontario’s industries that dealt in the iron, steel, tools, and farm implements were some of the leading companies. At this moment in time, forty percent of Ontarians lived in the cities. Ontario’s economy further booms due to the establishment of a new power house known as Niagara power house. Housing crisis emerged due to the urbanization that caused many people to flock the city of Toronto2. Increased employment caused increased child labor and also increased the level of school drop-outs. During the late first decade of 1900s, most industries relied upon electric power or self-generated steam power. In 1906, workers of the Hamilton street railway erupted to Violence caused by their strike3. In 1 909, Laurier won the Federal election for the fourth term. The Redpath Mystery is best captured in a website named â€Å"the Great unsolved Mysteries in the Canadian History†. Ada Maria and his son Jocelyn Clifford Redpath died on the 13th of June, the year 1901. It is also remarkably clear that their death resulted from gunshot wounds. The

Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ethics - Essay Example This is particularly true when it comes to fellow professionals or protecting the reputation of our particular field. While â€Å"whistleblowers† are praised for their courage and integrity, the personal cost of â€Å"doing the right thing† can mean death to a career. Such behavior can also seriously affect the career of fellow professionals. A good example of the problems involved in balancing ones duty to fellow professionals and doing the right thing when one sees something wrong is clearly laid out by Michael Davis in Thinking Like an Engineer: Studies in the Ethics of a Profession. Davis outlines events leading up to the now infamous Challenger disaster brought on by certain engineering decisions regarding the questionable safety of ORings (4 Codes and Ethics of the Challenger, p 43-44). In reading the account the â€Å"blame† seems to fall upon one man, Robert Lund, vice president of engineering at Morton Thiokol, manufacturer of faulty ORings which were blamed for the tragedy. A team of engineers had recommended the flight be scraped, but Lund, with pressure from various people at the Space Center, was persuaded to allow the project to go forward. Space Center officials were â€Å"appalled at the evidence on which the no-launch recommendation was based.† (p44). Lund was in a professional bind. Should he take the advice of fellow engineers at Thiokol, or go with the recommendation of officials at the Space Center most of them engineers, to go forward. There was a lot of money at stake for Thiokol, and Lund knew it. The reputations of engineers were also at stake. He had to choose between duty to fellow professionals and pressure from outsiders to â€Å"think like a manager.† (p44) He chose the latter to disastrous results. It is easy as a professional to judge Lund’s decision in hindsight. Should he have blown the whistle then? Did he even think it necessary?